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Offshore wind power potential in Poland

On the basis of:    
„Wind power development in Poland by 2020 – a vision”, a report developed by the Renewable Energy Institute for the Polish Wind Energy Association, Warsaw, November 2009

Theoretical potential: 130 GW.
However, this potential is impossible to exploit, for it assumes the use of the entire area of internal maritime waters and the territorial sea for wind power purposes.

Technical potential: 7.5 GW.
Current spatial constraints applicable to the location of offshore wind farms are much more strict than onshore. With regard to technical possibility to build wind turbines (water depth) and conflicts with the use of maritime areas it has to be stated that only an insignificant part of the area (up to 5%) could be used for wind farm construction in the 2020 perspective. Furthermore, environmental constraints related to the inclusion of large parts of Polish maritime waters in the NATURA 2000 network apply to offshore areas; however, the entire available area is characterised by advantageous wind conditions.
The Maritime Institute in Gdańsk, on the basis of analysis of natural determinants and potential spatial conflicts, designated on the area of the Polish territorial sea and the exclusive economic zone sites with technical potential of up to 20 GW. Exclusions related to NATURA 2000 sites reduce this potential to 7.5 GW.

Economic potential: 7.5 GW.
For offshore wind power it was assumed that the entire technical potential may be exploited to satisfactory economic results, hence it corresponds to 7.5 GW of capacity.

List of estimated offshore wind power potential:

Potential
Capacity (GW)
Energy (TWh)
Theoretical potential 130 380
Technical potential 130 380

Technical potential with a regard to
environmental constraints

20 60
Economic potential 7,5 22,5
Market potential by 2020
1,5
4,5
PSEW 2012